Latest Updates

Seronegative Spondyloarthritis: Epidemiology, Pathogenesis, And Pathology

Walter P Maksymowych, MB, ChB, FRCP (UK), FRCPC, FACP
    • Disease association with the IL23R gene and the key role of IL-23 in the activation and expansion of a distinct phenotype of T helper (Th) cell characterized by expression of IL-17, the Th17 cell, represents a major advance in our understanding of spondyloarthritis.
    • Increasing evidence supports a role for innate lymphoid cells (ICLs) in the pathogenesis of spondyloarthritis, especially group 3 ILCs that produce IL‑17 and IL‑22.
    • New genetic associations have been described with three new aminopeptidases (ERAP2, LNPEPP, and NPEPPS), protective variants having reduced rates of peptide cleavage, thereby changing both the length and amino acid composition of peptides available for binding to B27.  

Cerebral Metabolism and Blood Flow Following Traumatic Brain Injury

Kee D. Kim, MD, Ryan Martin, MD, Kiarash Shahlaie, MD, PhD, Lara Zimmermann, MD, Marike Zwienenberg, MD
    • Following brain injury, mechanisms that match nutrient supply to the cerebral metabolic demand are disrupted, leading to changes in the intracranial pressure, cerebral blood flow, and ischemia.
    • Understanding the concept of cerebral autoregulation and what it means when it is disrupted can help the clinician prevent secondary brain injury and improve patient outcome.

Traumatic Spinal Cord Injury

Kee D. Kim, MD, Ryan Martin, MD, Kiarash Shahlaie, MD, PhD, Lara Zimmermann, MD, Marike Zwienenberg, MD
    • Maintain a mean arterial blood pressure 85-90 mmHg for 7 days following injury.
    • Methylprednisolone is not recommended for treatment of traumatic spinal cord injury.
    • Obtain MRI if incomplete neurologic deficit or findings that do not correlate with CT.

Endovascular Procedures for Lower-extremity Vascular Disease: Specifics of Endovascular Treatment 

Mark Davies, MD, PhD, MBA, FACS, Lalithapriya Jayakumar, MD
    • Enhanced understanding of pseudoaneurysm and aneurysm endovascular treatment
    • Enhanced technique for accessing occluded bypass grafts

Endovascular Procedures for Lower-extremity Vascular Disease:Basics of Endovascular Intervention

Mark Davies, MD, PhD, MBA, FACS, Lalithapriya Jayakumar, MD
    • Adjuncts to angioplasty and stenting
    • Alternative access for lower extremity angiograms (transpopliteal, pedal, transcollateral)
    • Alternative contrast agents

Endovascular Procedures for Lower-extremity Vascular Disease:Basics of Endovascular Intervention

Mark Davies, MD, PhD, MBA, FACS, Lalithapriya Jayakumar, MD
    • Adjuncts to angioplasty and stenting
    • Alternative access for lower extremity angiograms (transpopliteal, pedal, transcollateral)
    • Alternative contrast agents

Endovascular Procedures for Lower-extremity Vascular Disease: Specifics of Endovascular Treatment 

Mark Davies, MD, PhD, MBA, FACS, Lalithapriya Jayakumar, MD
    • Enhanced understanding of pseudoaneurysm and aneurysm endovascular treatment
    • Enhanced technique for accessing occluded bypass grafts

Depressive Disorders: Update on Diagnosis, Etiology, and Treatment

Isabelle E. Bauer, PhD, Marsal Sanches, MD, PhD, Jair C. Soares, MD, Antonio L Teixeira, MD, PhD
    • 2017 Japan Society for Equilibrium Research guideline on classification, diagnostic criteria, and management of benign paroxysmal positional vertigo
    • Latest American Physical Therapy Association guideline on vestibular rehabilitation for peripheral vestibular hypofunction
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