- Spirometry has few absolute contraindications, although several conditions should merit caution and others may affect the quality of results. Pain, nausea, or other subjective discomforts, as well as altered mental status, will likely lead to poor results and therefore are relative contraindications.
- The role of the carbon monoxide (CO) diffusing capacity (DLCO) test is to provide information on the transfer of gas from alveolar air to the bloodstream. DLCO reflects the overall efficiency of gas movement at each step from the mouth to the hemoglobin in the pulmonary capillary blood.
- Certain substances and behavior should be avoided prior to testing as they can lead to either false positives or false negatives. Recent upper respiratory tract infection and cigarette smoking can elevate bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
Latest Updates
- Spirometry has few absolute contraindications, although several conditions should merit caution and others may affect the quality of results. Pain, nausea, or other subjective discomforts, as well as altered mental status, will likely lead to poor results and therefore are relative contraindications.
- The role of the carbon monoxide (CO) diffusing capacity (DLCO) test is to provide information on the transfer of gas from alveolar air to the bloodstream. DLCO reflects the overall efficiency of gas movement at each step from the mouth to the hemoglobin in the pulmonary capillary blood.
- Certain substances and behavior should be avoided prior to testing as they can lead to either false positives or false negatives. Recent upper respiratory tract infection and cigarette smoking can elevate bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
Oppositional Defiant Disorder and Its Clinical Management
- Oppositional defiant disorder (ODD) has a high prevalence and substantial morbidity
- Diagnosis of ODD is based on a careful history, interview, mental status examination, and collateral information from school.
- Disruptive mood dysregulation disorder is a new DSM-5 diagnosis that should be carefully considered in the differential diagnosis of children and adolescents with ODD
- Genetic and neuroimaging studies have examined the possible neurobiological basis of ODD, but to date there is no definitive biomarker or biological findings in ODD.
- Parent behavioral management training and psychosocial interventions are the cornerstone of treatment planning for ODD.
- Spirometry has few absolute contraindications, although several conditions should merit caution and others may affect the quality of results. Pain, nausea, or other subjective discomforts, as well as altered mental status, will likely lead to poor results and therefore are relative contraindications.
- The role of the carbon monoxide (CO) diffusing capacity (DLCO) test is to provide information on the transfer of gas from alveolar air to the bloodstream. DLCO reflects the overall efficiency of gas movement at each step from the mouth to the hemoglobin in the pulmonary capillary blood.
- Certain substances and behavior should be avoided prior to testing as they can lead to either false positives or false negatives. Recent upper respiratory tract infection and cigarette smoking can elevate bronchial hyperresponsiveness.
- Surgical treatment of uncomplicated type B aortic dissection
- Endovascular techniques for malperfusion syndrome
- Standard practice of intravascular ultrasonography
- Importance of false lumen thrombosis
- Maneuvers to decrease the risk of spinal cord ischemia in open aortic surgery
Management of the Geriatric Patient
- Emphasis on the importance of exercise in interventions to prevent falls
Increasing research on interventions to improve frailty with promising work on interventions that include an exercise component as well as nutritional measures
Recommendation against vitamin D to prevent falls in patients without osteoporosis or vitamin D deficiency
- New and emerging therapies for pressure ulcers stress the importance of microclimate control, prophylactic dressings, and attention to reducing shear and friction in addition to pressure.
Management of the Geriatric Patient
- Emphasis on the importance of exercise in interventions to prevent falls
Increasing research on interventions to improve frailty with promising work on interventions that include an exercise component as well as nutritional measures
Recommendation against vitamin D to prevent falls in patients without osteoporosis or vitamin D deficiency
- New and emerging therapies for pressure ulcers stress the importance of microclimate control, prophylactic dressings, and attention to reducing shear and friction in addition to pressure.
Management of the Geriatric Patient
- Emphasis on the importance of exercise in interventions to prevent falls
Increasing research on interventions to improve frailty with promising work on interventions that include an exercise component as well as nutritional measures
Recommendation against vitamin D to prevent falls in patients without osteoporosis or vitamin D deficiency
- New and emerging therapies for pressure ulcers stress the importance of microclimate control, prophylactic dressings, and attention to reducing shear and friction in addition to pressure.
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