Latest Updates

Acute Neurologic Events (Cerebrovascular Accidents, Subarachnoid Hemorrhage) and Complications 

Melissa Motta, MD, MPH, Nikhil Patel, MD, MBA
    • Severity scoring, such as the National Institute of Health Stroke Scale, intracerebral hemorrhage score, Hunt and Hess and modified Fisher scores, informs acute care, long-term prognosis, and the study of acute cerebrovascular disease.
    • Endovascular treatments and minimally invasive surgical techniques are revolutionizing the care of patients with acute stroke, intracerebral hemorrhage, and subarachnoid hemorrhage.
    • Early withdrawal of life-sustaining therapies due to expected poor outcome results in a self-fulfilling prophecy; aggressive early care is prudent in all patients with severe stroke.
    • Acute and long-term treatment of cerebrovascular disease has transformed to involve a multidisciplinary team composed of physicians from multiple specialties, nurses, physical therapists, and speech therapists.

Health Economics: National Health Expenditures

Bruce L Hall, MD, PhD, MBA, FACS
    • 2015 US National Health Expenditures are reviewed.

Group Psychotherapy: Group Therapist Leadership Skills

Wayne A. Bowers, PhD
    • Cognitive therapy groups change cognitive processes that interact with behavioral, affective, environmental, and developmental processes.
    • Group therapy with eating disorders yielded similar effectiveness individual psychotherapy, self-help, behavioral weight-loss, and pharmacotherapy.
    • Group therapy for social anxiety obtained large positive effects with demonstrated equivalence to alternative treatment options

Intracerebral Hemorrhage

Opeolu Adeoye, MD, MS, Natalie P. Kreitzer, MD
    • Platelet transfusion is not recommended in the setting of spontaneous ICH for patients who are taking antiplatelet medications. 
    • Moderate blood pressure control may be better than aggressive blood pressure control in the acute treatment of intracerebral hemorrhage. 
    • It is important to provide the appropriate reversal agents to patients with novel oral anticoagulant related ICH. These include idarucizumab for reversal of dabigatran, and andexanet alfa for reversal of factor Xa inhibitors such as rivaroxaban, apixaban, and edoxaban. 

Type I Diabetes Mellitus

Katharine Garvey, MD, MPH, Joseph I. Wolfsdorf, MB, BCh
    • The management guidelines for adult diabetic ketoacidosis is different from that of child diabetic ketoacidosis. This is due to the higher risk of cerebral edema.

Type I Diabetes Mellitus

Katharine Garvey, MD, MPH, Joseph I. Wolfsdorf, MB, BCh
    • The management guidelines for adult diabetic ketoacidosis is different from that of child diabetic ketoacidosis. This is due to the higher risk of cerebral edema.

Type I Diabetes Mellitus

Katharine Garvey, MD, MPH, Joseph I. Wolfsdorf, MB, BCh
    • The management guidelines for adult diabetic ketoacidosis is different from that of child diabetic ketoacidosis. This is due to the higher risk of cerebral edema.

Headache

Benjamin W Friedman, MD, MS
    • Targeting calcitonin gene related peptide can improve migraine pain
    • Greater occipital nerve blocks may alleviate migraine acutely
    • Clinical decision rules can be used to exclude subarachnoid hemorrhage
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